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- THE WEEK, Page 18WORLDArms Control at Home
-
- Back from the U.S., Yeltsin finds ethnic battles raging
- everywhere
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- In Russia, the cheering for foreign successes died away
- years ago, so President Boris Yeltsin found no laurels to rest
- upon when he returned from his first summit in Washington. With
- scarcely enough time to repack his bags, he headed south in
- search of solutions for the endless ethnic conflicts that are
- generating bloody battles and deep concern about civil war in
- several former Soviet republics.
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- Two of the biggest, Russia and Ukraine, have been bitterly
- at odds over such issues as ownership of the 300-ship Black Sea
- Fleet and issuing rival currencies. Meeting at the resort town
- of Sochi last week, Yeltsin and Ukrainian President Leonid
- Kravchuk took off their coats, put on their smiles and worked
- out an 18-point agreement. They pledged coordination of
- policies on currency and trade and reached a tentative
- compromise on dividing the fleet but sharing the bases. It was,
- said Kravchuk, "a fundamental turn in relations."
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- When they turned to face Moldova, however, the two
- silver-haired Presidents were less conciliatory. Russians and
- Ukrainians are trying to secede from the former republic, where
- ethnic Romanians predominate, moves to rejoin Romania. Fighting
- intensified in Bendery, a Slav enclave on the west bank of the
- Dniester River, as former Soviet army units joined in combat
- against Moldovans.
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- Yeltsin demanded an end to the bloodshed, and Kravchuk said
- he would support the Russian and Ukrainian secessionists if
- Moldova returned to Romania. Two days later, at a regional
- economic conference in Istanbul, Yeltsin and Moldovan President
- Mircea Snegur announced a cease-fire. Snegur said Moldova's
- parliament would examine ways to grant home rule to the
- Trans-Dniester region, where Russian and Ukrainian separatists
- are concentrated.
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- Meanwhile, Georgian leader Eduard Shevardnadze put down a
- coup attempt in Tbilisi and arrived several hours late for still
- another peace negotiation in Sochi. He and Yeltsin signed an
- agreement to end the fighting in South Ossetia, a part of
- Georgia where secessionists demand union with North Ossetia, a
- part of Russia.
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- Ethnic conflicts are not readily defused by traditional
- negotiation, and some or all of Yeltsin's new agreements may
- not hold. But by demonstrating his belief in bargaining and
- peaceful solutions, Yeltsin sets an example for those trying to
- build a new political system out of the old Soviet empire.
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